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Nervous System in Body
There are two main categories or types of cells in the nervous system: Neurons and Glial cells.
Neurons: The role of nervous system is defined by the presence of a special type of cell. The neuron (sometimes called “neuron” or “nerve cell”). Neurons have specialize cell parts called dendrites and axons. Which are membrane-to-membrane junctions containing molecular machinery that allows rapid transmission of signals. Many types of neuron possess an axon and send their output to other neurons. A protoplasmic protrusion that can extend to distant parts of the body and make thousands of synaptic contacts. Role of Neurons / Nervous system in body is very wide. Axons typically extend throughout the body in bundles called nerves.
Even in the nervous system in body of a single species such as humans. Hundreds of different types of neurons exist, with a wide variety of morphological and functions. Neurons play an important role in human body. Microglia are the brain’s immune cells,serving to protect it against injury and disease. Microglia identify when something has gone wrong and initiate a response that removes the toxic agent and/or clears away the dead cells.
population of physically interconnected neurons that act cooperatively to form a functional circuit. Computer scientists and engineers also study artificial neural networks formed by simplified mathematical abstractions of the signaling properties of biological neurons.
Glial
Glial: Cells named from the Greek for “glue” are non-neuronal cells. this glue provide support and nutrition. That maintain homeostatic form myelitis and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system. In the human brain, it is estimated that the total number of glial roughly equals the number of neurons. Providing neurons with nutrients. Electrically insulate neurons. Destroy pathogens and remove dead neurons, and to provide guidance cues directing the axons of neurons to their targets.
A very important type of glial cell oligonucleotides in the central nervous system. Generates layers of a fatty substance called myelin. That myelin wraps around axons and provides electrical insulation. Which allows them to transmit action potentials much more rapidly and efficiently. The glial cells surround neurons and provide support for the insulation between them. Glial cells are the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system in body. So there is major importance of nervous system in body.
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